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Abnormal & Emergency Procedures


Memory Items

The following abnormal and emergency checklists should be memorized by all pilots:
• Electrical (Cabin) Fire  • Spin Entry
• Engine Fire During Start  • CAPS Deployment
• Engine Failure on Takeoff  • Wing Fire in Flight
• Engine Failure in Flight  • Engine Fire in Flight
• Emergency Descent  • Aborted Takeoff / Landing
• Brake Failure After Landing  • Alternator Failure
   

AirShares Elite highly recommends the use of a Cirrus simulator with an experienced simulator instructor for regular practice of abnormal and emergency procedures.  See the "Simulator" section of this site for more information.




FIRE IN THE COCKPIT!

A routine flight lesson turns into a Mayday. Step into the cockpit with CFI Jade Schiewe to see how he coped with "Fire in the cockpit."




From Pilot Workshops.com...

In-Flight Emergencies: Engine Failure

Bob Martens is a nationally known speaker, consultant and aviation safety expert. He retired from the FAA after spending 17 years as a Safety Program Manager. In this role, he delivered hundreds of live seminars devoted to General Aviation safety. Bob retired from the USAF (rank of Colonel) in 2000 after 30 years of active and reserve duty. He was an Aircraft Commander in a C-5A and also served as Flying Safety Officer and Chief of Safety with the 439th AirWing. Bob has logged thousands of flight hours in both military and GA aircraft.

In this MP3 audio you'll learn:

  • Statistics...likelihood of it happening to you

  • Military's approach to emergencies (the "big 3")

  • What to do when your engine quits

  • Simple A-B-C framework

  • Stretching a glide to an airport...should you try?

  • Best off-field landing sites -- evaluating the choices

  • Water vs. trees

  • Things you must do to survive (or even walk away)

  • Wind and flap management

  • Engine failure on takeoff - why pilots turn back

  • 10 second procedure that can change the outcome

  • How you can train for emergency landings on every flight


Media
Click here to download


PFD Failure (AVIDYNE)

The aircraft and avionics operating manuals offer little guidance on how to handle a PFD failure when an instrument approach is required to land safely at the nearest practical airport.  However, the Cirrus Flight Operations Manual does provide a procedure and profile for this purpose, which can be boiled down to using the automation to fly a GPS approach:

1.  Fly the airplane;
2.  With a direct-to GPS waypoint selected, engage GPSS and ALT mode on the autopilot, if not already engaged;
3.  Pull the PFD circuit breakers (2) to power down the PFD;
4.  Alert ATC and request a full GPS approach, without vectors or procedure turns;
5.  Use GPSS mode for lateral navigation;
6.  For vertical navigation, use VS mode alone and the small knob on the autopilot head to dial rate of climb or descent in hundreds of feet per minute;
7.  Reengage ALT mode when desired altitude is reached and be sure to manage power correctly;

Appendix to Airworthiness Directive 2009-05-05 Limitations Regarding Avidyne Primary Flight Displays (PFDs)

Before conducting flight operations, pilots must review and be familiar with the Crosscheck Monitor section of the Avidyne Primary Flight Display Pilot's Guide and all limitations contained in the aircraft operating handbook.

As a normal practice, all pilots should be vigilant in conducting proper preflight and in-flight checks of instrument accuracy, including:

• Preflight check of the accuracy of both the primary and backup altimeter against known airfield elevation and against each other.
• Verification of airspeed indications consistent with prevailing conditions at startup, during taxi, and prior to takeoff.
• ''Airspeed alive'' check and reasonable indications during takeoff roll.
• Maintenance of current altimeter setting in both primary and backup altimeters.
• Cross-check of primary and backup altimeters at each change of altimeter setting and prior to entering instrument meteorological conditions (IMC).
• Cross-check of primary and backup altimeters and validation against other available data, such as glideslope intercept altitude, prior to conducting any instrument approach.
• Periodic cross-checks of primary and backup airspeed indicators, preferably in combination with altimeter cross-checks.

For flight operations under instrument flight rules (IFR) or in conditions in which visual reference to the horizon cannot be reliably maintained (that is IMC, night operations, flight operations over water, in haze or smoke) and the pilot has reasons to suspect that any source (PFD or back-up instruments) of attitude, airspeed, or altitude is not functioning properly, flight under IFR or in these conditions must not be initiated (when condition is determined on the ground) and further flight under IFR or in these conditions is prohibited until equipment is serviced and functioning properly.

Operation of aircraft not equipped with operating backup (or standby) attitude, altimeter, and airspeed indicators that are located where they are readily visible to the pilot is prohibited.

Pilots must frequently scan and crosscheck flight instruments to make sure the information depicted on the PFD correlates and agrees with the information depicted on the backup instruments.

Click here for printable version of this.




Circuit Breakers to Know

Most fleet aircraft, with the exception of the G3, will have some circuit breakers collared as depicted in the photo to the left with the autopilot breaker red, the PFD breakers green, and the trim breakers yellow.  These tactile cues should assist the pilot in the event of a runaway autopilot, a PFD failure, and runaway trim problems, respectively.


Fire Hazard in Resetting Circuit Breakers
Notice Number: NOTC2079

SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS
INFORMATION BULLETIN


A Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin (SAIB) advising pilots, owners, operators, and maintenance personnel of potential hazards of resetting an opened circuit breaker on General Aviation aircraft was published on December 23, 2009, and then a revision was issued on January 14, 2010 that can be found at here or here.

This SAIB also gives in-flight recommendations and best practices regarding tripped circuit breakers, inspection and maintenance of systems, and aging wires.

For Further Information Contact:

Leslie B. Taylor, Aerospace Engineer, Federal Aviation Administration, Small Airplane Directorate, 901 Locust Street, Room 301, Kansas City, MO 64106; phone: (816) 329-4134; fax: (816) 329-4090; e-mail: leslie.b.taylor@faa.gov.



Alternator 1 Failure (AVIDYNE)

Click on the warning light to view a simplified schematic of the SR22 electrical system.  Having a working knowledge of the Cirrus aircraft electrical system is essential for handling a failure of either alternator effectively.  When a steady ALT light illuminates, always verify the indication by cross-checking the electrical output on MFD Engine View display.  A simple, one-time-only procedure of [ALT switch OFF/ Check ALT circuit breaker / ALT switch ON / ALT switch OFF, if not restored] is easily memorized (Switch-Breaker-Switch) and can be executed in a timely manner.  Circuit breaker location can be determined by referencing the back cover of the Cirrus factory checklist, standard in fleet aircraft.

If alternator 1 output is not restored by the reset procedure, electrical load must be shed propmtly to conserve battery 1 power reserve as long as possible, and then a diversion to the nearest practical airport within 30 minutes must be planned.  This is best accomplished by turning off equipment with easily accessible switches and NOT wasting precious time and effort seeking out individual circuit breakers with your head between your legs.  Take a look at this diagram where the electrical equipment on board is labeled with current draw in amps.  It will become clear that by turning off:  LIGHTS; AIR CONDITIONING & FAN; GPS #2; BOOST PUMP; and ICE PROTECTION that a tremendous electrical load can be shed in less than 60 seconds using panel switches only. (Worst case scenario: night, icing in IMC, and alternator 1 failure.)

The pilot is now free to communicate intentions to ATC, copy the new clearance, program the avionics, and brief the arrival and approach to this unexpected destination airport.  If a pilot finds oneself truly outside the 30 minute range to a suitable airport and equipment such as landing light, flaps, or transponder will be required at the destination, simply switching off battery #1 to preserve its power should be considered.


CAPS Deployment

Cirrus Owner and Pilots Association senior member, Rick Beach, looked into the history of Cirrus accidents and CAPS deployments and discovered that a number of fatalities could have been avoided if the pilot had elected to pull the 'chute.  In this article, he recounts several CAPS saves in addition to accidents with less fortunate outcomes and then speculates on why.  Click here to view.
At the 2010 Cirrus Partners Symposium, Rick Beach, COPA Safety Liaison and CPPP chair, gave a very informative presentation on CAPS deployment, followed by a talk given by Cirrus accident investigator, Brad Miller.  Their presentation slides can be viewed by clicking on the icon to the right.
Document
Click to download (4.4MB)


Inadvertent Icing Encounter

Flight into known icing in a Cirrus is prohibited.  However, the aircraft is equipped with systems to help the wayward pilot escape an inadvertent icing encounter.  Click here to read a real report from a very experienced Cirrus instructor and learn a few tips on the subject.

NASA’s 23-minute video on in-flight icing hazards, specifically the tail-plane stall, includes these key recommendations for pilots flying in ice:

·  Become acutely aware of the conditions conducive to and the symptoms of tailplane stalls.

·  Be prepared to immediately undo any configuration changes, especially flaps extension, if tailplane stall symptoms appear.

·  Avoiding using the autopilot in known icing conditions.

·  Significant ice may form on the tail before it begins to accumulate on the wings.  If equipped with a deicing system, use it to clear even very small amounts of windshield or wing ice.

·  If you lower flaps and the controls begin shaking, do not mis-identify the condition as a wing stall.  Retract the notch of flaps you just added, and be prepared to pull back and reduce power if the nose suddenly drops.


And don't forget NASA's interactive, free, online course, "A Pilot's Guide to Inflight Icing", intended for the general aviation pilot who flies aircraft certified for flight in icing, although much of the information is applicable to all pilots. With an operational focus, this course provides tools pilots can use to deal with in-flight icing.




Ditching

Doug Ritter is a man with a mission... to get you through what could conceivably be the worst day of your life so that you can have a day after the worst day of your life. And in the case of a ditching at sea, the issues necessary to insure survival both numerous as well as ponderous... and that's why Ritter, Aviation's own "survival guy" is the man to listen to.  Read about it and view a video presentation here.




ASI
In-Flight Electrical Fire

Click here to download an Air Safety Instiute safety brief on this frightening emergency situation.



Cirrus Design 24-hour technical support hotline,
Domestic: 1 (800) 279 4322
International: 1 (952) 988 1940



Procedures and recommendations published here are derived from the FAA Approved Cirrus SR22 Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) and other sources.  There is no intention to supersede the procedures in the basic POH.  In the event of conflict, the basic POH shall take precedence.


   © 2012 AirShares Elite, Inc. www.airshareselite.com